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Science RSS FeedsThis Week in Science - Cloud Transitions | Suffocating the Oceans | From Storm to Aurora | Small Pillars and Blocks | Ironing Out Ancient Ocean Chemistry | CRISPR Virus Defenses | Arsenic and Old Organisms | RNA Interference and Plant Defenses | Unwitting Accomplices | Tethering Therapeutic T Cells | Synaptic Coding Capacity | Sending a Surface Structure Packing | Nuts and Bolts of Plant Pathogen Response | Improving Gene Expression Analysis...Feed Source: www.sciencemag.org Editors' Choice - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Variety from Repetitive DNA | PSYCHOLOGY: The Cost of Equal Opportunity | GEOLOGY: Colder than Expected | BIOCHEMISTRY: Frozen in Time | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Silencing miRNAs | CLIMATE SCIENCE: Cause of Death | SCIENCE SIGNALING: Two Pathways Are Better than One... Science Scope - The Stars Are Out in China | Changes to Species Law Draw Fire | Report: Think Simple on Cars | British Scientists Seek Altered Trees | Physicists Feel the Spotlight... Random Samples - WIRED UP | STEM CELL STRUGGLES | ANT TRAFFIC SOLUTIONS | GET BACK, GET BACK... Newsmakers - THREE Q'S | IN BRIEF | IN BRIEF | THEY SAID IT | SLICE OF LIFE... [EDITORIAL] Dying for Science? - Authors: M. R. C. Greenwood, Gordon Ringold, Doug Kellogg... [NEWS] ANTHRAX INVESTIGATION: Full-Genome Sequencing Paved the Way From Spores to a Suspect - Scientists say a key document unveiled last week now enables a reconstruction of the trail that led the FBI from the deadly anthrax letters back to Bruce Ivins's lab at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases.Author: Martin Enserink... [NEWS] CLIMATE PREDICTION: Seasonal-Climate Forecasts Improving Ever So Slowly - Of the dozens of forecasting techniques proffered by government, academic, and private-sector climatologists, all but two are virtually worthless, according to a new study.Author: Richard A. Kerr... [NEWS] APPLIED PHYSICS: Bizarre 'Metamaterials' for Visible Light in Sight? - "Metamaterials" that can bend visible light may be within reach, thanks to advances reported this week online in Nature and on page 930 of this issue of Science.Author: Adrian Cho... [NEWS] HIV/AIDS: Treatment and Prevention Exchange Vows at International Conference - AIDS researchers have long argued that HIV prevention and treatment efforts should go hand in hand, but they rarely do. Their fickle relationship received intense scrutiny at the XVII International AIDS Conference held in Mexico City last week.Author: Jon Cohen... [NEWS FOCUS] ARCHAEOLOGY: Going Deeper Into the Grotte Chauvet - Ten years of research have yielded detailed new insights into the stunning images considered the world's oldest cave art. But questions about their age are resurfacing.Author: Michael Balter... [NEWS FOCUS] OLIVERA FINN PROFILE: Directing a Life in Science - After forgoing theater ambitions, and despite early marriage and motherhood, Olivera Finn has risen through immunology's ranks thanks to her work on cancer vaccines.Author: Mitch Leslie... [NEWS FOCUS] U.S. HIGHER EDUCATION: Science Scholarships Go Begging - Despite ever-rising college costs, a $4.5 billion federal aid program to lure students into science is vastly undersubscribed.Author: Jeffrey Mervis... [NEWS FOCUS] GLOBAL WARMING: Climate Change Hot Spots Mapped Across the United States - Taking some of the fuzziness out of climate models is revealing the uneven U.S. impact of future global warming; the most severely affected region may be emerging already.Author: Richard A. Kerr... [LETTERS] Reservations About Dam Findings - Authors: Daniel J. Bain, Sean M. C. Smith, Gregory N. Nagle... [LETTERS] What to Do About Those Dammed Streams - Authors: Peter Wilcock;, Robert C. Walter, Dorothy J. Merritts... [LETTERS] Looking for Familiar Faces - Authors: Lior Shamir, Rob Jenkins, A. Mike Burton... [TECHNICAL COMMENTs] Comment on ?100% Accuracy in Automatic Face Recognition? - Authors: Weihong Deng, Jun Guo, Jiani Hu, Honggang Zhang... [TECHNICAL RESPONSE] Response to Comment on ?100% Accuracy in Automatic Face Recognition? - Authors: R. Jenkins, A. M. Burton... [BOOKS ET AL.] ECOLOGY: Biohistory of the Mascarenes - In this detailed consideration of the extinctions that followed the human arrival on the Mascarene Islands (Indian Ocean), the authors describe the complex manner in which the island ecosystems unraveled.Author: Storrs L. Olson... [BOOKS ET AL.] CULTURAL EVOLUTION: Bridging the Big Gap - Drawing on neuroscience, cultural evolution, and human biology, the author agues for an approach that abandons "prehistory" and unites our recent and deep pasts.Author: Asif A. Ghazanfar... [POLICY FORUM] SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY: Research Alone Is Not Enough - Powerful forms of business innovation represent a challenge to U.S. efforts in technology development.Author: Lewis M. Branscomb... [PERSPECTIVES] IMMUNOLOGY: Neutrophil Soldiers or Trojan Horses? - Leishmania parasites convert the toxic environment within a neutrophil into a safe haven during infection.Authors: Beena John, Christopher A. Hunter... [PERSPECTIVES] CHEMISTRY: Halogen Versus Hydrogen - Use of noncovalent interactions involving halogen atoms opens up new ways to manipulate molecular recognition processes.Authors: P. Metrangolo, G. Resnati... [PERSPECTIVES] MATERIALS SCIENCE: Directing Self-Assembly Toward Perfection - A combination of self-assembled block copolymers with templated substrates can be used for precision lithographic applications.Author: Rachel A. Segalman... [PERSPECTIVES] PLANETARY SCIENCE: The Elusive Onset of Geomagnetic Substorms - The triggers of geomagnetic substorms, and their connection to auroral displays, have been sought in data from a satellite fleet and ground-based observations.Author: A. A. Petrukovich... [PERSPECTIVES] MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Secret Weapon - A mechanism that generates small RNAs in bacteria provides protection against bacteriophage.Author: Ryland F. Young III... [PERSPECTIVES] OCEAN SCIENCE: Ironing Out Ocean Chemistry at the Dawn of Animal Life - New data change the picture of how the iron, oxygen, and sulfur contents of the ocean evolved.Author: Timothy W. Lyons... [PERSPECTIVES] RETROSPECTIVE: Victor A. McKusick (1921-2008) - The founder of medical genetics was a driving force behind current progress in applying genetic information to medicine.Author: Francis S. Collins... [REVIEWS] Spreading Dead Zones and Consequences for Marine Ecosystems - Authors: Robert J. Diaz, Rutger Rosenberg... [BREVIA] Optical Negative Refraction in Bulk Metamaterials of Nanowires - An array of silver nanowires placed in a porous alumina matrix forms a three-dimensional material that negatively refracts visible light.Authors: Jie Yao, Zhaowei Liu, Yongmin Liu, Yuan Wang, Cheng Sun, Guy Bartal, Angelica M. Stacy, Xiang Zhang... [RESEARCH ARTICLES] Tail Reconnection Triggering Substorm Onset - Satellite and ground-based data show that reconnection of magnetic field lines in Earth's magnetotail precedes dramatic aurora displays and is the source of magnetic substorms.Authors: Vassilis Angelopoulos, James P. McFadden, Davin Larson, Charles W. Carlson, Stephen B. Mende, Harald Frey, Tai Phan, David G. Sibeck, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Uli Auster, Eric Donovan, Ian R. Mann, I. Jonathan Rae, Christopher T. Russell, Andrei Runov, Xu-Zhi Zhou, L... [REPORTS] Density Multiplication and Improved Lithography by Directed Block Copolymer Assembly - An appropriate substrate pattern can direct an even finer pattern of a block copolymer, improving the resolution for lithography by a factor of four, beyond the usual limits.Authors: Ricardo Ruiz, Huiman Kang, François A. Detcheverry, Elizabeth Dobisz, Dan S. Kercher, Thomas R. Albrecht, Juan J. de Pablo, Paul F. Nealey... [REPORTS] Graphoepitaxy of Self-Assembled Block Copolymers on Two-Dimensional Periodic Patterned Templates - A substrate patterned with a sparse array of nanoscale posts can direct the self-assembly of block copolymers to create a finely ordered lithographic array, even over a large area.Authors: Ion Bita, Joel K. W. Yang, Yeon Sik Jung, Caroline A. Ross, Edwin L. Thomas, Karl K. Berggren... [REPORTS] X-ray Diffraction and Computation Yield the Structure of Alkanethiols on Gold(111) - The structure of monolayers of alkyl thiols on gold--widely useful in nanotechnology--depends on the packing of the alkyl chains; long chains disorder the gold surface.Authors: A. Cossaro, R. Mazzarello, R. Rousseau, L. Casalis, A. Verdini, A. Kohlmeyer, L. Floreano, S. Scandolo, A. Morgante, M. L. Klein, G. Scoles... [REPORTS] Smoke Invigoration Versus Inhibition of Clouds over the Amazon - Modeling and satellite data show how absorption of light by aerosols can affect cloud properties and growth, linking these particles' opposing radiative and physical effects.Authors: Ilan Koren, J. Vanderlei Martins, Lorraine A. Remer, Hila Afargan... [REPORTS] Ferruginous Conditions Dominated Later Neoproterozoic Deep-Water Chemistry - Low sulfur input caused the deeper ocean to become anoxic and rich in ferrous iron 750 million years ago, a reversal from the more oxidizing conditions of the previous 1 billion years.Authors: Donald E. Canfield, Simon W. Poulton, Andrew H. Knoll, Guy M. Narbonne, Gerry Ross, Tatiana Goldberg, Harald Strauss... [REPORTS] Plant Immunity Requires Conformational Charges of NPR1 via S-Nitrosylation and Thioredoxins - After a pathogen invades a plant, a protein, usually kept in a multimeric state by S-nitrosylation, is dissociated by thioredoxin, freeing the monomers for defense responses.Authors: Yasuomi Tada, Steven H. Spoel, Karolina Pajerowska-Mukhtar, Zhonglin Mou, Junqi Song, Chun Wang, Jianru Zuo, Xinnian Dong... [REPORTS] A Global View of Gene Activity and Alternative Splicing by Deep Sequencing of the Human Transcriptome - Shotgun sequencing of 27-base pair segments of messenger RNA from human kidney and immune cells identifies previously undescribed transcriptional units and splice functions.Authors: Marc Sultan, Marcel H. Schulz, Hugues Richard, Alon Magen, Andreas Klingenhoff, Matthias Scherf, Martin Seifert, Tatjana Borodina, Aleksey Soldatov, Dmitri Parkhomchuk, Dominic Schmidt, Sean O?Keeffe, Stefan Haas, Martin Vingron, Hans Lehrach, Marie-Laure Yaspo... [REPORTS] Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes - Some bacterial genomes contain remnant sequences from previous viral infections, which are transcribed into RNA to guide inactivation of the virus in subsequent infections.Authors: Stan J. J. Brouns, Matthijs M. Jore, Magnus Lundgren, Edze R. Westra, Rik J. H. Slijkhuis, Ambrosius P. L. Snijders, Mark J. Dickman, Kira S. Makarova, Eugene V. Koonin, John van der Oost... [REPORTS] Suppression of the MicroRNA Pathway by Bacterial Effector Proteins - Upon bacterial infection, Arabidopsis mounts a microRNA-mediated innate immune defense, which is inhibited by proteins of the bacteria, allowing other infections.Authors: Lionel Navarro, Florence Jay, Kinya Nomura, Sheng Yang He, Olivier Voinnet... [REPORTS] Arsenic(III) Fuels Anoxygenic Photosynthesis in Hot Spring Biofilms from Mono Lake, California - A primitive form of photosynthesis in which arsenic is the electron donor occurs in purple bacteria in a California lake, perhaps a relic of early life forms.Authors: T. R. Kulp, S. E. Hoeft, M. Asao, M. T. Madigan, J. T. Hollibaugh, J. C. Fisher, J. F. Stolz, C. W. Culbertson, L. G. Miller, R. S. Oremland... [REPORTS] In Vivo Imaging Reveals an Essential Role for Neutrophils in Leishmaniasis Transmitted by Sand Flies - Visualization of the area around a bite from a parasite-infected sand fly shows that the first immune cells to arrive engulf and unexpectedly protect the invading parasite.Authors: Nathan C. Peters, Jackson G. Egen, Nagila Secundino, Alain Debrabant, Nicola Kimblin, Shaden Kamhawi, Phillip Lawyer, Michael P. Fay, Ronald N. Germain, David Sacks... [REPORTS] Tumor Regression in Cancer Patients by Very Low Doses of a T Cell?Engaging Antibody - Tested in a small group of patients, a therapeutic antibody binds to both tumor cells and immune cells, increasing the local concentration and effectiveness of the immune cells.Authors: Ralf Bargou, Eugen Leo, Gerhard Zugmaier, Matthias Klinger, Mariele Goebeler, Stefan Knop, Richard Noppeney, Andreas Viardot, Georg Hess, Martin Schuler, Hermann Einsele, Christian Brandl, Andreas Wolf, Petra Kirchinger, Petra Klappers, Margit Schmidt, Gert Riethm... [REPORTS] The Contribution of Single Synapses to Sensory Representation in Vivo - Only 100 synapses are required to accurately code for the animals' velocity in the mouse cerebellum; the charge transfer into neurons is linearly related to acceleration.Authors: Alexander Arenz, R. Angus Silver, Andreas T. Schaefer, Troy W. Margrie... [PODCASTS] Science Podcast - Author: ... [SUPPLEMENT] BUSINESS OFFICE FEATURE: Focus on Careers: Positions Available?No Ph.D. Required? - Author: Jacqueline Ruttimann... 
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